Mucosal and Humoral Immunity in Mice Immunized Intranasally with Murine Parainfluenza Virus Type 1 in Combination with Adjuvants

Mice were immunized twice intranasally with a formalin-inactivated whole Sendai virus (SV) vaccine at a dose of 2.8 μg in combination with either cholera toxin (CT) or whole formalin-inactivated Bordetella pertussis (Bp). The mice induced not only serum antibodies, but mucosal IgA and serum IgG responses as well. All mice immunized subcutaneously with SV alone induced high serum IgG antibodies and haemagglutination inhibition antibody titres. In contrast, the animals immunized intranasally with SV alone had significantly lower responses to SV than the other ones.